Which aspect of IWRM is focused on stakeholder participation?

The focus on stakeholder participation within Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) aligns closely with the concept of social equity. In IWRM, social equity emphasizes the importance of involving all stakeholders, including marginalized and vulnerable groups, in the decision-making processes related to water management. This participatory approach ensures that diverse perspectives and needs are considered, leading to more equitable and just outcomes for water resource allocation and management.

Stakeholder participation is crucial because it enhances transparency, accountability, and ownership of water resources among communities. When stakeholders are actively involved, they are more likely to support sustainable management practices and collaborate to address challenges related to water scarcity or pollution.

In contrast, the other aspects mentioned, such as economic viability, efficient resource extraction, and private ownership, do not inherently prioritize inclusive participation. Economic viability focuses primarily on the financial aspects of water management, while efficient resource extraction relates to optimizing the physical use of water resources. Private ownership of water sources can lead to inequalities in access and control over water resources, often sidelining the voices of broader community stakeholders. Therefore, social equity is the aspect of IWRM that distinctly seeks to enhance stakeholder participation.