What risk is associated with chlorination in water treatment?

The risk associated with chlorination in water treatment primarily involves the formation of disinfection by-products. When chlorine is used to disinfect drinking water, it can react with naturally occurring organic matter in the water, leading to the creation of by-products such as trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs). These compounds are of concern because they may pose health risks to humans, including potential links to cancer when consumed in large amounts over time.

Chlorination is an effective method for killing pathogens and ensuring water safety, but the resulting by-products highlight important considerations in water treatment processes. Balancing effective disinfection while minimizing harmful by-products is a critical aspect of modern water treatment strategies.