What is the primary role of the GRACE satellite in environmental studies?

The primary role of the GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) satellite in environmental studies is to track groundwater movement. The GRACE mission effectively measures changes in Earth's gravity field, which can indicate variations in water mass, including groundwater stored below the surface. By monitoring these gravitational changes over time, researchers can assess how groundwater levels fluctuate in different regions. This data is crucial for understanding water resource management, especially in areas facing drought or where groundwater depletion is a concern. The ability of GRACE to provide insights into groundwater dynamics helps inform policies and practices for sustainable water use.