What is an impervious surface and its impact on water management?

An impervious surface is characterized by its inability to absorb water due to its hard and solid nature, such as concrete, asphalt, or rooftops. This lack of permeability leads to increased water runoff during rain events. When rainwater falls on these surfaces, it cannot infiltrate the ground as it would in more natural, permeable environments like forests or grasslands.

Increased runoff has significant implications for water management. It can lead to higher volumes of water flowing into stormwater drainage systems, which may become overwhelmed during heavy rainfall. This excessive runoff can also contribute to erosion, flooding, and pollution, as it can carry contaminants from urban environments directly into water bodies without the natural filtration processes that occur in more permeable areas. Additionally, the reduction in groundwater recharge due to impervious surfaces diminishes the natural hydrological cycle, impacting water supply and availability.

Overall, understanding the characteristics and impact of impervious surfaces is critical in managing water resources effectively, particularly in urban planning and environmental protection.