How is an aquifer defined?

An aquifer is defined as a geological formation that can store and transmit groundwater. This definition captures the critical aspects of an aquifer, which is its ability to hold water within its pore spaces and allow that water to flow through the material. Aquifers typically consist of permeable rock or sediment, such as sandstone or gravel, which permits water movement.

This characteristic is essential for the functioning of aquifers, as it allows them to supply water to wells and springs, significantly contributing to the groundwater supply used for drinking, irrigation, and various other applications. Understanding the function and significance of aquifers helps in the management and protection of vital groundwater resources that are essential for sustainability and ecological balance.